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Abstract: This talk explores the strategic responses of the United States, China, Russia, and the United Kingdom to hybrid threats targeting space-based military assets, highlighting the variations in their approaches. Using realism as a theoretical framework, the study focuses on the core themes of power projection, alliance balancing, and self-help in an anarchic international system to explain these differences. Hybrid threats such as cyberattacks, co-orbital satellite interference, and signal jamming undermine space security, forcing states to adapt their strategies to secure vital assets and maintain dominance in this contested domain.
The analysis reveals that the United States prioritises technological superiority and alliance-building to project power and deter adversaries, while China adopts an asymmetric approach, leveraging hybrid tactics to challenge U.S. space dominance. Russia emphasises self-reliance and disruptive capabilities to undermine adversaries’ space assets,...